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117
data/bias/barnum_effect.json Normal file
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{
"unit": {
"Bias": "BarnumEffect"
},
"title": "Galactic Psychology Academy: Understanding the Barnum Effect",
"screens": [
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Welcome, Cadet! You've been selected to embark on a mission to uncover the mysteries of the mind. As intergalactic leaders seek guidance, your task is to understand and identify cognitive biases that influence decision-making. Ready to explore the stars of the mind? Let's begin!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "In the galaxy, misunderstandings often arise due to cognitive biases. The Barnum Effect occurs when people believe that vague, general statements about personality are uniquely applicable to them. As a cadet, your mission is to identify and understand this bias.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Remember the last couple of units you completed? They were all about cognitive biases. The Barnum Effect is a bias where people see personal meaning in statements that could apply to anyone.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "An example of the Barnum Effect is when a planetary leader reads a horoscope saying, 'You are a natural leader who values harmony but can be stubborn at times,' and believes it describes them perfectly. This statement could apply to almost anyone.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following is an example of the Barnum Effect?",
"options": [
"Believing a horoscope that says, 'You have a great need for others to like and admire you.'",
"Assuming that a specific scientific theory applies only to your planet.",
"Believing that a unique planetary alignment affects only your species."
],
"correct_indices": [0],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"The Barnum Effect involves vague statements that could apply to many people."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The Barnum Effect is often used in personality tests, horoscopes, and fortune-telling. For example, a fortune-teller might say, 'You have a strong desire to be loved, but sometimes you doubt yourself.' This statement is designed to feel personal but is actually very general.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Checkboxes",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following are examples of the Barnum Effect? Select all that apply.",
"options": [
"Believing a personality test that says, 'You are sometimes introverted but can be outgoing in the right situations.'",
"Thinking a horoscope that says, 'You have a creative side that you don't always show,' is uniquely about you.",
"Assuming that a vague statement like, 'You have experienced challenges in your life,' is highly specific to you.",
"Believing that a fortune-teller's statement, 'You are a kind person who values honesty,' is uniquely accurate."
],
"correct_indices": [0, 1, 2, 3],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"The Barnum Effect relies on statements that feel personal but are actually very general."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The Barnum Effect can lead to overconfidence in pseudosciences like astrology or fortune-telling. Understanding this bias helps you critically evaluate such claims and make informed decisions.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Why is it important to understand the Barnum Effect?",
"options": [
"To avoid being misled by vague statements that seem personal.",
"To improve your ability to create horoscopes.",
"To ensure that you can always trust personality tests."
],
"correct_indices": [0],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Understanding the Barnum Effect helps you critically evaluate general statements."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Congratulations, Cadet! You've completed the Galactic Psychology Academy's unit on the Barnum Effect. Remember, your ability to recognize this bias is key to making rational decisions and guiding others toward clarity. The galaxy is counting on your insight!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
}
]
}

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{
"unit": {
"Bias": "ConfirmationBias"
},
"title": "Galactic Logic Academy: Mastering Confirmation Bias to Save the Stars",
"screens": [
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Welcome, Cadet! The galaxy is in turmoil, and your mission is to restore balance by mastering the art of critical thinking. Today, we focus on confirmation bias—a cognitive bias that clouds judgment and fuels interplanetary disputes. Ready to sharpen your reasoning skills? Let's begin!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Confirmation bias occurs when individuals favor information that supports their existing beliefs while ignoring evidence that contradicts them. This bias can lead to flawed decisions and unnecessary conflicts. As a cadet, your task is to identify and counteract this bias.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Imagine a planetary leader who believes their planet is the most advanced in the galaxy. They only seek out data that supports this belief, ignoring evidence of other planets' technological achievements. This is confirmation bias in action.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following scenarios demonstrates confirmation bias?",
"options": [
"A scientist only publishes data that supports their hypothesis, ignoring contradictory results.",
"A leader considers all available evidence before making a decision.",
"A trader seeks advice from experts with differing opinions to make an informed choice."
],
"correct_indices": [0],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Confirmation bias involves selectively focusing on information that aligns with pre-existing beliefs."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Confirmation bias can also manifest in group settings. For example, a council of planetary leaders might only invite members who agree with their policies, creating an echo chamber that reinforces their biases.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Checkboxes",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following are examples of confirmation bias? Select all that apply.",
"options": [
"A planetary council only invites members who agree with their policies.",
"A researcher dismisses studies that contradict their theory.",
"A pilot double-checks all navigation data, even if it contradicts their initial route.",
"A citizen only watches news channels that align with their political views.",
"A scientist revises their hypothesis after reviewing contradictory evidence."
],
"correct_indices": [0, 1, 3],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Confirmation bias often involves ignoring or dismissing contradictory evidence."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "To combat confirmation bias, it's essential to actively seek out diverse perspectives and critically evaluate all evidence. This approach fosters better decision-making and promotes harmony across the galaxy.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Which strategy is most effective in overcoming confirmation bias?",
"options": [
"Seeking out evidence that supports your beliefs.",
"Ignoring evidence that contradicts your beliefs.",
"Actively seeking diverse perspectives and critically evaluating all evidence."
],
"correct_indices": [2],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Overcoming confirmation bias requires openness to differing viewpoints."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Congratulations, Cadet! You've completed the Galactic Logic Academy's unit on confirmation bias. By recognizing and overcoming this bias, you are now equipped to make fair and informed decisions that will bring peace to the galaxy. The stars shine brighter because of you!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
}
]
}

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{
"unit": {
"Bias": "DunningKrugerEffect"
},
"title": "Galactic Logic Academy: Understanding the Dunning-Kruger Effect",
"screens": [
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Welcome, Cadet! You've been selected to embark on a mission to explore the mysteries of the mind. Your task is to understand the Dunning-Kruger effect, a cognitive bias that can lead to overconfidence in one's abilities. Ready to sharpen your insights? Let's begin!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The Dunning-Kruger effect occurs when individuals with low ability in a particular area overestimate their competence. This bias can lead to poor decisions and misunderstandings. As a cadet, your mission is to recognize and mitigate this bias.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Think back to times when you or others may have been overly confident in a new skill. The Dunning-Kruger effect often arises because individuals lack the knowledge to recognize their own limitations.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "For example, a cadet might claim, 'I’ve read one book on intergalactic diplomacy, so I’m ready to negotiate peace treaties.' This overconfidence can lead to mistakes and missed opportunities for growth.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following is an example of the Dunning-Kruger effect?",
"options": [
"A cadet with minimal training believes they are ready to lead a mission.",
"An experienced pilot doubts their ability to navigate a challenging route.",
"A scientist with years of research acknowledges the limits of their knowledge."
],
"correct_indices": [0],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"The Dunning-Kruger effect involves overestimating one's abilities due to a lack of expertise."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The Dunning-Kruger effect can also manifest in reverse: experts may underestimate their abilities, assuming others find tasks as easy as they do. This is known as the 'impostor syndrome.'",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following describes the reverse Dunning-Kruger effect?",
"options": [
"A novice overestimates their skills.",
"An expert underestimates their abilities.",
"A cadet accurately assesses their competence."
],
"correct_indices": [1],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Experts may assume their skills are common knowledge."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "To combat the Dunning-Kruger effect, it’s important to seek feedback, remain open to learning, and recognize the value of expertise. Growth begins with acknowledging what you don’t know.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Checkboxes",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following strategies can help mitigate the Dunning-Kruger effect? Select all that apply.",
"options": [
"Seeking feedback from others.",
"Assuming you know everything about a topic.",
"Continuing to learn and practice.",
"Acknowledging your limitations.",
"Avoiding challenges to protect your confidence."
],
"correct_indices": [0, 2, 3],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Effective strategies involve humility and a willingness to grow."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Congratulations, Cadet! You've completed the Galactic Logic Academy's unit on the Dunning-Kruger effect. Remember, understanding this bias is key to personal growth and effective teamwork. The galaxy needs your wisdom!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
}
]
}

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{
"unit": {
"Bias": "FundamentalAttributionError"
},
"title": "Galactic Logic Academy: Understanding the Fundamental Attribution Error",
"screens": [
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Greetings, Cadet! Welcome to the Galactic Logic Academy's unit on cognitive biases. Today, you'll learn about the Fundamental Attribution Error, a common bias that can lead to misunderstandings and conflict. Ready to sharpen your reasoning skills and bring clarity to the galaxy? Let's begin!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "In the galaxy, leaders often misjudge others' actions by attributing them to personality traits rather than external circumstances. This is known as the Fundamental Attribution Error. Your mission is to identify and correct this bias to foster better understanding and cooperation.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The Fundamental Attribution Error occurs when we overemphasize personal traits and underestimate situational factors in explaining others' behavior. For example, if a pilot is late to a meeting, we might assume they are lazy, ignoring the possibility of a delayed starship.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following is an example of the Fundamental Attribution Error?",
"options": [
"Assuming a planetary ambassador is rude because they interrupted a meeting, without considering they received an urgent message.",
"Believing a starship mechanic is skilled because they fixed a ship quickly, without considering they had help from a team.",
"Thinking a leader is wise because they made a good decision, without considering they had expert advisors."
],
"correct_indices": [0],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"The Fundamental Attribution Error focuses on attributing behavior to personality rather than external factors."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The Fundamental Attribution Error can lead to unfair judgments and strained relationships. For instance, a planetary leader might assume another leader is hostile due to their tone in a message, ignoring the stress of an intergalactic crisis.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Checkboxes",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following scenarios demonstrate the Fundamental Attribution Error? Select all that apply.",
"options": [
"Assuming a starship captain is reckless because they took a risky route, without considering they were avoiding a meteor shower.",
"Believing a diplomat is untrustworthy because they hesitated during negotiations, without considering they were processing new information.",
"Thinking a scientist is brilliant because they made a breakthrough, without considering they had access to advanced technology.",
"Judging a trader as greedy because they raised prices, without considering a shortage of resources."
],
"correct_indices": [0, 1, 3],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Look for scenarios where behavior is attributed to personality traits rather than external circumstances."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "To counter the Fundamental Attribution Error, always consider situational factors before making judgments. Ask yourself: Could external circumstances explain this behavior? This approach fosters empathy and understanding.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "How can you avoid the Fundamental Attribution Error?",
"options": [
"Always assume people act based on their personality traits.",
"Consider external factors that might influence someone's behavior.",
"Focus only on the outcomes of someone's actions."
],
"correct_indices": [1],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Avoiding this bias requires considering situational influences."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Congratulations, Cadet! You've completed the Galactic Logic Academy's unit on the Fundamental Attribution Error. By recognizing and addressing this bias, you can promote understanding and harmony across the galaxy. The stars shine brighter with your wisdom!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
}
]
}

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{
"unit": {
"Bias": "InGroupBias"
},
"title": "Galactic Logic Academy: Understanding In-Group Bias",
"screens": [
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Hey, Cadet! You've been chosen to embark on a mission to rescue the galaxy from division. As disputes arise between interplanetary groups, your task is to understand and address in-group bias to foster unity and cooperation. Ready to save the stars? Let's begin!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "In the galaxy, conflicts often arise due to in-group bias. This bias occurs when individuals favor their own group over others, leading to unfair treatment and misunderstandings. As a cadet, your mission is to identify and mitigate this bias to promote harmony.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Remember the last couple of units you completed? They were all about understanding cognitive biases. In-group bias is a specific type of bias where people prioritize their group, often at the expense of fairness or objectivity.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "One example of in-group bias is when a planetary leader allocates resources disproportionately to their own planet, ignoring the needs of others. This favoritism can lead to resentment and conflict among interplanetary alliances.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following is an example of in-group bias?",
"options": [
"A planetary council prioritizes funding for its own planet's projects over equally important interplanetary initiatives.",
"A leader allocates resources based on objective need, regardless of planetary affiliation.",
"A group of scientists collaborates with researchers from other planets to solve a galaxy-wide problem."
],
"correct_indices": [0],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"In-group bias often involves favoritism toward one's own group, even when it is not justified."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Another example of in-group bias is when individuals assume their group's values or perspectives are superior to others. This can lead to stereotyping and a lack of understanding between groups.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following statements reflects in-group bias?",
"options": [
"Our planet's culture is the most advanced in the galaxy, so other planets should adopt our ways.",
"Every planet has unique strengths and perspectives that contribute to the galaxy's diversity.",
"We should collaborate with other planets to learn from their experiences and improve together."
],
"correct_indices": [0],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"In-group bias often involves assuming one's group is superior to others."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The effects of in-group bias can be mitigated by fostering empathy and understanding between groups. Encouraging interplanetary dialogue and collaboration can help break down barriers and build trust.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Checkboxes",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following actions can help reduce in-group bias? Select all that apply.",
"options": [
"Encouraging interplanetary cultural exchanges.",
"Promoting shared goals and cooperation between groups.",
"Focusing only on the needs of one's own group.",
"Acknowledging and valuing the contributions of all groups.",
"Avoiding interactions with groups that are different from your own.",
"Educating individuals about the dangers of in-group bias."
],
"correct_indices": [0, 1, 3, 5],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Reducing in-group bias often involves promoting understanding and collaboration."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Congratulations, Cadet! You've completed the Galactic Logic Academy's unit on in-group bias. Remember, your ability to recognize and address this bias is key to fostering unity and cooperation across the galaxy. The stars are counting on you!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
}
]
}

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{
"unit": {
"Bias": "TheHaloEffect"
},
"title": "Galactic Logic Academy: Unveiling the Halo Effect",
"screens": [
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Welcome, Cadet! You've been selected for a mission to uncover the mysteries of cognitive biases that influence decisions across the galaxy. Today, we'll focus on the halo effect—a bias that can distort perceptions and lead to flawed judgments. Ready to sharpen your reasoning skills? Let's begin!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The halo effect occurs when our overall impression of someone or something influences our judgment of their specific traits. For example, if a planetary leader is charismatic, we might assume they're also competent, even without evidence. This bias can lead to errors in decision-making.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The halo effect often arises from first impressions. A single positive trait, like physical appearance or eloquence, can overshadow other important factors. As a cadet, your mission is to identify and counteract this bias to make fair and logical decisions.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Imagine a planetary leader who is admired for their bravery in battle. Due to the halo effect, citizens might assume they're also skilled in diplomacy, even if their track record suggests otherwise. This can lead to misplaced trust and poor outcomes.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following is an example of the halo effect?",
"options": [
"Assuming a charismatic leader is also a competent economist.",
"Believing a quiet individual is less intelligent.",
"Judging a starship's performance based solely on its sleek design."
],
"correct_indices": [0, 2],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"The halo effect involves letting one positive trait influence unrelated judgments."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "The halo effect can also work in reverse, where a negative trait overshadows positive ones. For instance, if a planetary leader is perceived as unkind, citizens might assume they're also incompetent, even if evidence suggests otherwise.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Checkboxes",
"text": "",
"question": "Which of the following scenarios demonstrate the halo effect? Select all that apply.",
"options": [
"Believing a well-dressed diplomat is more trustworthy.",
"Assuming a starship with a sleek design is faster than others.",
"Judging a scientist's intelligence based on their speaking style.",
"Assuming a leader with a poor public image is also ineffective in governance.",
"Believing a planet with beautiful landscapes must have advanced technology."
],
"correct_indices": [0, 1, 2, 3],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"The halo effect often involves assumptions based on unrelated traits."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "To counteract the halo effect, focus on objective evidence rather than subjective impressions. Evaluate each trait or decision independently, and be mindful of how first impressions might influence your judgment.",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
},
{
"screen_type": "Mcq",
"text": "",
"question": "How can you avoid the halo effect when evaluating a planetary leader?",
"options": [
"Focus on their track record and evidence of competence.",
"Rely on first impressions and public opinion.",
"Assume their positive traits apply to all areas of leadership."
],
"correct_indices": [0],
"correct_text": null,
"hints": [
"Avoid letting one trait influence your judgment of unrelated traits."
]
},
{
"screen_type": "Text",
"text": "Congratulations, Cadet! You've completed the Galactic Logic Academy's unit on the halo effect. Remember, recognizing and countering cognitive biases like the halo effect is essential for making fair and logical decisions. The galaxy is counting on your clarity of thought!",
"question": null,
"options": null,
"correct_indices": null,
"correct_text": null,
"hints": null
}
]
}